Fix Linux CUDA 13.3 build (abseil + CCCL parse errors)

[tianleiwu]

Description

Fixes two NVCC 13.3 (cudafe++ / EDG front-end) parse regressions that break the Linux CUDA build of ONNX Runtime. Both are host-side parser bugs in the CUDA 13.3 toolkit that reject valid C++ which compiles fine on CUDA 13.2 and earlier.

1. Abseil member alias template. NVCC 13.3 mis-parses the qualified-id IfRRef<...>::AddPtr<Other> used inside abseil's insert_or_assign / try_emplace macros, failing with using template type parameter ... after 'typename'. A new patch introduces a top-level alias template IfRRefAddPtr<T, Other> and routes the macros through it. Because it stays an alias template, substitution remains in the immediate context, so forming a pointer-to-reference is still a soft (SFINAE) failure rather than a hard error — the original behavior is preserved.

2. CCCL global-qualified partial specializations. <cub/device/device_transform.cuh> and <cub/device/dispatch/tuning/tuning_transform.cuh> declare struct ::cuda::proclaims_copyable_arguments<...> : ::cuda::std::true_type {}; at global scope, which NVCC 13.3 rejects with global qualification of class name is invalid before ':' token. Since the affected headers ship inside the (often read-only) CUDA toolkit, the build now generates corrected copies — rewriting the specializations into namespace-reopened form (_CCCL_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CUDA ... _CCCL_END_NAMESPACE_CUDA) — into the build tree and places that directory ahead of the toolkit CCCL include path. The transform is a no-op on toolkits that do not contain the offending pattern, so it is safe to keep enabled across CUDA versions.

Summary of changes

File	Change
cmake/patches/abseil/absl_cuda13_member_template.patch	New patch adding the IfRRefAddPtr alias template and rewriting the abseil container macros to use it.
cmake/vcpkg-ports/abseil/absl_cuda13_member_template.patch	Same patch copied into the vcpkg overlay port (vcpkg looks for patches in the port directory).
cmake/vcpkg-ports/abseil/portfile.cmake	Add the new patch to the abseil overlay port PATCHES list.
cmake/external/abseil-cpp.cmake	Apply the new patch in the non-vcpkg FetchContent path (both Windows and non-Windows branches).
cmake/onnxruntime_providers_cuda.cmake	Add ort_cuda13_patch_cccl_header() and, for CUDA >= 13.0, generate fixed CCCL headers into the build tree and prepend that directory to the CUDA include path.

Motivation and Context

The CUDA 13.3 toolkit introduced cudafe++ parser regressions that reject valid template code accepted by CUDA 13.2 and earlier, so the Linux CUDA build fails before producing any libraries. These workarounds restore the build on CUDA 13.3 while remaining no-ops on toolkits without the regressions, so existing CUDA versions are unaffected.

• Related upstream issue: [Bug]: CUDA 13.3 fails to build host code that uses Abseil abseil/abseil-cpp#2075

How was this tested?

• Full Linux build with CUDA 13.3 + cuDNN 9.23 (CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES="89;90", Release) completes successfully and produces the onnxruntime_gpu wheel; the two previously-failing translation units (bias_softmax_impl.cu and moe_kernel.cu) now compile.
• The CMake-generated CCCL headers were verified byte-identical to a manually-fixed reference that compiles the affected files with exit 0.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR restores the Linux CUDA build on CUDA 13.3 by applying targeted workarounds for NVCC 13.x host-side parser regressions affecting Abseil container macros and CCCL (CUB) headers, integrated into both the FetchContent and vcpkg-overlay dependency paths.

Changes:

• Add an Abseil patch that introduces a top-level alias template (IfRRefAddPtr) to avoid an NVCC 13.3 mis-parse in insert_or_assign / try_emplace macro code paths.
• Apply the Abseil patch in both the vcpkg overlay port and the non-vcpkg FetchContent path.
• Add a CMake-time CCCL header rewrite step for CUDA >= 13.0 that generates fixed copies into the build tree and prepends them to the include path.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 5 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
cmake/vcpkg-ports/abseil/portfile.cmake	Adds the new Abseil patch to the vcpkg overlay port’s PATCHES list.
cmake/vcpkg-ports/abseil/absl_cuda13_member_template.patch	Introduces IfRRefAddPtr and rewrites Abseil container macro usage to avoid NVCC 13.3 parsing issues (vcpkg path).
cmake/patches/abseil/absl_cuda13_member_template.patch	Same Abseil workaround patch for the FetchContent/non-vcpkg path.
cmake/external/abseil-cpp.cmake	Extends ABSL_PATCH_COMMAND to apply the new Abseil patch during FetchContent.
cmake/onnxruntime_providers_cuda.cmake	Adds CCCL header patching (generate fixed headers + prepend include dir) for CUDA >= 13.0.