chore: Added devcontainer for local development

[vqrf]

Changes

Added devcontainer for local development.

Notes

Devcontainer capabilities:

• docker in docker, with moby disabled (not present in debian 13)
• Rust 1.93 with rust-analyzer, rust-src, rustfmt, clippy, rust-docs
• protobuf installed

Justification

Use new popular way to develop code with easy and reproducible environment for everyone.

Merge requirement checklist

• CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed
• Unit tests added/updated (if applicable)
• Appropriate CHANGELOG.md files updated for non-trivial, user-facing changes
• Changes in public API reviewed (if applicable)

[linux-foundation-easycla]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 82.2%. Comparing base (09b85b5) to head (31c9bbc).

Additional details and impacted files

@@          Coverage Diff          @@
##            main   #3383   +/-   ##
=====================================
  Coverage   82.2%   82.2%           
=====================================
  Files        128     128           
  Lines      24626   24626           
=====================================
  Hits       20267   20267           
  Misses      4359    4359           

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[scottgerring]

I think latest would probably be better? Otherwise we will be chasing our tails here

[scottgerring]

We should reference this in CONTRIBUTING.md too, somewhere around here - if you prefer, you can get started quickly with a complete devcontainers setup!

opentelemetry-rust/CONTRIBUTING.md

Lines 56 to 59 in 146376f

	### Prerequisites
	Crate `opentelemetry-otlp` uses gRPC + Protocol Buffers.
	You can provide the protocol compiler protoc path programmatically (only works with tonic) or build it from source

[scottgerring]

I tried this out! It seems like we've got all the deps we need, but the "open in devcontainer" experience on my desktop (colima & docker, Mac) OOMs on build and test, in particular running the linker:

[ 1394.396063] Out of memory: Killed process 44829 (ld) total-vm:734740kB, anon-rss:685776kB, file-rss:104kB, shmem-rss:0kB, UID:1000 pgtables:1472kB oom_score_adj:0

The VM itself is setup with 2 GiB of RAM which I think is fairly typical. I have tried using CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=1 to constrain the RAM impact but it still OOMs, which isn't surprising as it is the linker step that is failing.

I think if we use devcontainers they should optimally just work as that's a big part of the sell, but i'm not sure there is a way to advertise to the OS/container engine that you need X GiB of RAM. Any ideas @vqrf ?